解剖学和形态学
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听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
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肠胃学和肝脏学
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卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
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医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
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产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
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周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
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泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
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心理学,临床
abstract::Epidemiologic studies of air pollution require accurate exposure assessments at unmonitored locations in order to minimize exposure misclassification. One approach gaining considerable interest is the land-use regression (LUR) model. Generally, the LUR model has been utilized to characterize air pollution exposure and...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370701495998
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In February 2006, an IARC Monographs Working Group reevaluated the carcinogenic hazards to humans of carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc, which belong to the group of poorly soluble, low-toxicity particles. The review of the relevant literature and the evaluations by the Working Group will be published in Volume ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370701497903
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent events, such as repeated hospital admissions for the same health outcome, occur frequently in environmental health studies. In this study, we conducted an analysis of data on repeated respiratory hospitalizations among the elderly in Vancouver, Canada, for the period of June 1, 1995, to March 31, 1999, using...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600904538
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The understanding of historical ambient asbestos concentrations is critical to exposure mapping and retrospective health impact studies involving asbestos related diseases. Two presentations at the University of Montana Center for Environmental Health Sciences Asbestos Conference (July 28, 2005) introduced novel metho...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600835138
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk assessment of occupational exposure to nanomaterials is needed. Human data are limited, but quantitative data are available from rodent studies. To use these data in risk assessment, a scientifically reasonable approach for extrapolating the rodent data to humans is required. One approach is allometric adjustment...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600747887
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most current deterministic computer dosimetry models use idealized dichotomous symmetrical infant, child, and adolescent tracheobronchial geometries for dosimetry predictions. These tracheobronchial geometries were derived from either the morphometric measurements of J. D. Mortensen and colleagues or those of R. F. Ph...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600748349
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma rates have been increasing worldwide, and exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) may be implicated in this increase. DEP may also play a role in the increased morbidity and mortality associated with ambient airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure. Two types of nasal responses have been reported for human ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600743027
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, present in low concentrations in the urban air and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled SO2 on the O-dealkylase of pentoxyresorufin (PROD) and p-nitrophenol hydroxylases (p-NP) activities and mRNA ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600686341
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory disturbances play a central role in chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) induced toxicity; they are the starting point of mass casualty and the major cause of death. We developed a microinstillation technique of inhalation exposure to nerve agent VX and assessed lung injury by biochemical analysis of the br...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600602116
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crystalline silica has been classified as a human carcinogen, but there is still considerable controversy regarding its fibrogenic and carcinogenic potential. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic potential of bentonite particles (diameter < 10 microm) with an a-quartz content of up to 6% and different c...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600563524
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lung toxicity of inhalable polymer materials is normally carried out by evaluation of the histopathology responses of rat lungs to repeat, nose-only, exposures of an inhalable aerosol of material in a 13-wk subchronic repeat dose toxicity study. The introduction of transcriptomics into toxicology has allowed the c...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500444304
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::With growing evidence of the association between daily mortality and air pollution in adults, it is important to investigate whether infants are also susceptible to the adverse health effects of ambient air pollutants. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between air pollution and postneonatal mort...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500434214
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may cause cardiotoxicity. The natriuretic peptides, including atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-BNP, and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide), are endogenous cardiac hormones that may be secreted upon myocardial stress. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500305885
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to conserve material that is available in limited quantities, "directed-flow" nose-only exposure systems have at times been run at flow rates close to the minute ventilation of the animal. Such low-flow-rate conditions can contribute to a decrease of test substance concentration in inhaled air; near the anima...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500282555
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information on nasal particle deposition is used in risk assessments for exposure to airborne particulate pollutants and for optimizing the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Monkeys are commonly used to assess the therapeutic potential of inhaled substances and to a lesser extent the toxicity of inhaled xenobiotics. Y...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500241270
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the effects of long-term inhalation of toner on the pathological changes and formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-Gua) in DNA in a rat model. Female Wistar rats (10 wk old) were divided evenly into a high concentration exposure group (H: 15.2 mg/m(3)), a low concentration exposure group (L: 5.5 mg/m(...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500224771
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nasal efficiency for removing fine particles from inhaled air may be affected by variations in nasal structure associated with race. In 11 African American and 11 Caucasian adults (age 18-31 yr) we measured the fractional deposition (DF) of fine particles (1 and 2 mum mass median aerodynamic diameter) (MMAD) for oral ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500188984
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wollastonite is a naturally occurring calcium silicate (CaSiO(3)) that is produced in both powder and fibrous forms. It is a valuable industrial mineral used in plastics, ceramics, metallurgical applications, paint, and friction products. For some applications wollastonite serves as an asbestos replacement. To varying...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370591002030
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is thought to be the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis induced by asbestos, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects lung tissue against oxidative stress. We hypothesized that HO-1 is associated with oxidative lung injury caused by exposure to asbestos. This study was conducted to investigate the time co...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370590922580
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this exploratory study within the integrated subchronic inhalation exposure study (Lippmann et al., 2005) was to identify genes in heart and lung tissue that changed in expression level as a result of subchronic exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Identification of CAPs exposure-related c...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370590912851
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies of particulate matter (PM) using central area monitors have associated total PM mass, as well as certain individual components of PM, including sulfate, with adverse human health effects. However, some recent studies that used concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) or analyzed the effects of air...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370590885672
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1999 Berry published a model for mesothelioma incidence following fiber exposure. He concluded, that the influence of the solubility of fibers on the mesothelioma rate is 17 times higher in humans than in rats. This conclusion may be helpful for evaluating the carcinogenic risk from man-made vitreous fibers, but it...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370490505016
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well documented that inhalation of sulfur mustard causes injury of the respiratory system. While all of the reports and surveys thoroughly document long-term pulmonary effects after significant exposure to mustard, there is no direct evidence that addresses the issue of long-term respiratory effects in individua...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490442421
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown associations between acute ambient particulate matter (PM) levels and increases in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. We have previously reported in 24 healthy adults that exposure to concentrated ambient particles plus ozone (CAP + O(3)) caused a mean decrease of 0.09 mm in brach...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490439489
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and heat-shock protein-70 (Hsp70) in plasma are known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study we have investigated the effects of environmental air pollution particles (PM10) and ultrafine carbon black (ufCB) on the expression of CRP...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490439614
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether (PGMBE) is a widely used solvent in industry and in consumer products, posing a potential for human exposure via inhalation or dermal routes. Toxicokinetic studies were conducted on F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of both sexes to evaluate single or repeated dose, species, and/or sex di...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490428319
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) in unleaded gasoline has given rise to numerous debates on the potential public health risk associated with manganese emissions. In fact, combustion products are mainly Mn phosphate, Mn sulfate, and Mn phosphate/sulfate mixture. Our research group did sever...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490277245
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of breathing pattern on ozone reaction product content within the respiratory tract. Thirty-four anesthetized, male Wistar rats were exposed to oxygen-18 ((18)O)-labeled ozone at 1.0 ppm for 2 h using a dual-chamber, negative-pressure ventilation system. Frequency was set at 80 (n = 9), 120 (n =...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490264852
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A subchronic, nose-only inhalation study compared the effects of mainstream smoke from a 1R4F research cigarette to that of a 2R4F research cigarette. Male and female rats were exposed for 1 h/day, 5 days/wk, for 13 wk to mainstream smoke at 0, 0.06, 0.20, or 0.80 mg wet total particulate matter per liter of air. Clin...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490271340
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiology studies of populations living in areas with good air quality report correlations between levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) and mortality rates. These associations occur at low PM concentrations that are below current air quality standards. Can such concentrations cause mortality, given the toxicit...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490442935
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the surface chemistry of urban fine particles (PM(2.5)), and quantified the adsorbed and desorbed species after exposure to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Urban background and roadside PM(2.5) samples of different mass concentration and total weight were collected in triplicate in the Sou...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490443204
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study on suberosis was conducted in the Champagne-Ardenne County, France, to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the level of pulmonary function, and the presence of precipitins against Penicillium frequentans. Thirteen of the 33 workers exposed to cork dust had respiratory symptoms exc...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390249120
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This 3-mo inhalation study investigated the biological effects of a special-purpose glass microfiber (E-glass microfiber), the stone wool fiber MMVF21, and a new high-temperature application fiber (calcium-magnesium-silicate fiber, CMS) in Wistar rats. Rats were exposed 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 3 mo to fiber aerosol con...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390229843
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common but important air pollutant. Micronuclei (MN) in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) of mouse bone marrow and the ratio between organ and body weight of treatment mouse were determined and analyzed in vivo in order to study injury of sulfur dioxide inhalation on organs and germ plasm ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390226558
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate effects of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) and its derivatives (bisulfite and sulfite) on the rat blood pressure. The blood pressures of male Wistar rats exposed to SO(2) and its derivatives at various doses were measured. Findings were that: (1) with acute-one time exposure to SO(2) for ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390215785
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm to an inhalation exposure system using a building automation system is described. Previous studies had utilized a control system in which concentration was monitored continuously and adjustments to the generator were made on a continuous bas...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390217819
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diagnosis of an exposure to airborne toxicants can be problematic. Phosgene is used widely in industry for the production of many synthetic products, such as polyfoam rubber, plastics, and dyes. Although nearly 100% of the gas is consumed during processing, there is the potential problem of accidental or even intentio...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390197254
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrafine particles (diameter < 100 nm) may be important in the health effects of air pollution, in part because of their predicted high respiratory deposition. However, there are few measurements of ultrafine particle deposition during spontaneous breathing. The fractional deposition for the total respiratory tract o...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370304468
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article addresses the importance of blood pressure as a covariate in studies of long-term associations between air quality and mortality. We focus on a cohort of about 50,000 U.S. veterans who had been diagnosed as hypertensive at some time and whose survival rates were predicted by blood pressure (BP) and ambien...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370304463
更新日期:2003-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::An original mathematical model describing particle diffusion in human nasal passages is presented. A unique feature of the model is that it combines effects of both turbulent and laminar flows. To account for turbulence, concentration equations written in cylindrical coordinates are first simplified by a scaling techn...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370304458
更新日期:2003-04-11 00:00:00